The Finnish Principal Barometer

The Principal barometer is an ongoing follow-up study of principals, deputy principals, vice-principals, and school leaders across all levels from early childhood education to higher education in Finland. 

The principal barometer is an extensive longitudinal study aimed at investigating the occupational well-being of Finnish principals. The study began in 2019 and was started by Professor Katariina Salmela-Aro (1961-2025) and Professor Minna Huotilainen. The research is carried out in co-operation between researchers from the University of Helsinki and Suomen Rehtorit ry (Finnish Association of Principals). Our primary goal is to investigate and follow the well-being of Finnish principals and compare with international data as well as other industries and professions. This project is adjacent to the Australian Health and Wellbeing survey led by Professor Herb Marsh and Professor Theresa Dicke from the Australian Catholic University’s Institute for Positive Psychology and Education.

We utilise a comprehensive questionnaire to examine the principals' work situation, well-being, resources, and management practices. Additionally, we collect physiological data, such as HRV (heart rate variability) using the Firstbeat device, which tracks rest time, working time, and exercise. We also conduct interviews with a subset of principals to gain insights and a deeper understanding about current topics and relevant areas of research. Our focus areas include recovery, job crafting, leadership, resources, demands, engagement, and burnout.

More information about the Principal Barometer here.

Note: the survey is distributed in Finnish and Swedish, some of the material are translated to English. This Zenodo record will be updated periodically. Inquiries for more information, possible collaboration and use of the dataset are welcomed.