The Mainland China Surface Rupture Database (MCSRD)_V1.0

Earthquake surface ruptures provide critical insights into fault kinematics, rupture dynamics, and seismic hazard assessment. Although mainland China experiences frequent and devastating continental earthquakes, comprehensive and standardized data on these surface ruptures remain scattered across heterogeneous literatures. In this dataset, we present the Mainland China Surface Rupture Database (MCSRD), a unified, open-access spatial database. By systematically compiling over 600 published articles and geological reports, we digitized geometric and kinematic parameters for surface ruptures associated with 72 historical and instrumental earthquakes. The dataset features detailed spatial polylines representing rupture traces, enriched with specific attributes including rupture length, maximum horizontal and vertical displacements, and kinematic types. Furthermore, we implemented a rigorous three-level reliability classification system to evaluate data quality. The MCSRD provides an essential, structurally unified geospatial foundation for future studies on fault scaling relationships, probabilistic seismic hazard assessment, and regional tectonic deformation modeling.