BEYOND ARTICULATING PAPER: DIGITAL OCCLUSION ANALYSIS IN IMPLANT PROSTHODONTICS

Abstract

Precise occlusal management is critical for the long-term success of implant-supported prostheses. Unlike natural teeth, dental implants lack a periodontal ligament and therefore demonstrate limited proprioception and shock absorption. Consequently, excessive occlusal forces may lead to mechanical and biological complications such as screw loosening, prosthetic fracture, marginal bone loss, and implant failure. Conventional occlusal assessment techniques, including articulating paper and shim stock, provide qualitative information but lack the ability to measure occlusal force distribution and timing accurately. Digital occlusion analysis systems have emerged as advanced diagnostic tools capable of providing quantitative data regarding occlusal contacts, force distribution, and dynamic occlusal patterns. These technologies allow clinicians to evaluate occlusal load in real time and make precise adjustments to implant restorations. This review explores the principles, technologies, clinical applications, advantages, and limitations of digital occlusion analysis in implant prosthodontics. Current evidence suggests that digital occlusion analysis can improve occlusal accuracy, enhance prosthetic longevity, and reduce biomechanical complications associated with implant-supported restorations.

Keywords: Digital occlusion analysis, Implant prosthodontics, Occlusal load, Implant biomechanics, Digital dentistry