Comparative Dynamic Analysis of Stadium Roof Structures with Varying Geometrical Forms

Stadium roof structures are among the most challenging and functionally critical components in modern sports facilities due to their large spans, complex geometrical forms, and vulnerability to dynamic loading. The present study focuses on a comparative dynamic analysis of stadium roof structures with varying geometrical forms. Tubular roof systems are designed in accordance with IS 801:2005, ensuring code-based compliance in member sizing and detailing. Multiple roof geometries such as dome-shaped, radial truss, and asymmetric configurations are modelled in STAAD-Pro and subjected to dynamic analyses using selected recorded earthquake ground motions. Time-history analysis is employed to capture displacement response, internal member forces, natural frequencies, and modal behaviour. Post-dynamic performance of the structures is evaluated in terms of structural safety, serviceability, and energy dissipation characteristics. Analytical validation through simplified methods is carried out to cross-check and confirm the accuracy of STAAD-Pro results. The comparative findings highlight the influence of roof geometry on dynamic response and provide recommendations for selecting geometrical forms that enhance seismic performance while maintaining structural efficiency.