Analysing Workforce Utilization in Third-Party Logistics Operations

Third-Party Logistics (3PL) providers play a vital role in supply chain management by handling warehousing, transportation, inventory control, and manpower deployment. In manpower-intensive warehouse operations, efficient workforce utilization is essential for improving operational productivity, minimizing delays, and maintaining service quality. This study examines workforce utilization in a thirdparty logistics warehouse by analyzing key operational factors such as manpower allocation, shift scheduling, technology adoption, and storage and packing efficiency. The research adopts a descriptive research design and uses a census method covering 80 employees across inbound, outbound, inventory, and transport departments. Primary data were collected through structured questionnaires, and reliability testing using Cronbach’s Alpha indicated strong internal consistency (α = 0.841). Multiple regression analysis revealed a significant positive relationship between composite operational factors and internal process performance (R = 0.571, R² = 0.326, p < 0.001). The findings indicate that systematic workforce planning, balanced manpower distribution, and technology-enabled operations significantly enhance logistics efficiency. The study provides practical managerial insights for improving manpower utilization and operational performance in 3PL warehouse environments.