Published March 28, 2026 | Version V3
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Electron and Neutron Properties from Trefoil Knot Topology in a Cosserat Elastic Continuum Version V2

  • 1. Independent Researcher, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380015, India

Description

We extend the topological particle framework of Discrete Topological Torsion Theory (DTTT), in which fundamental particles are knotted solitons in a Cosserat elastic vacuum, to derive the electromagnetic properties of the electron and neutron. Our central result is a theorem showing that fractional electric charges emerge necessarily from the torus knot parameters: for the trefoil T(2,3), the q=3 meridional winding quantises charge in units of e/3 while the isospin doublet constraint uniquely selects the lobe charges +2e/3,e/3 precisely the quark model values, derived here without reference to quarks or QCD.

This charge quantisation and the electromagnetic coupling α−1=137.036 are two consequences of a single Boundary Representation Theorem on the peripheral torus. The electron, classified as an unknot (nT=0), has no topologically stabilised charge radius, consistent with experimental bounds re<10−18 m. For the neutron, the trilobular charge asymmetry yields rE2n<0 with the correct sign (DERIVED). We introduce the Sachs-Dirac-Foldy decomposition to separate the model-independent Foldy contribution from the intrinsic Dirac radius.

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Related works

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Preprint: 10.5281/zenodo.19003109 (DOI)

Dates

Updated
2026-03-16