Climate-Resilient Design of Urban Drainage Systems in Coastal Ghana Coastal Adaptation Framework

Urban drainage systems in coastal regions of Ghana are vulnerable to climate change impacts such as sea-level rise and increased storm intensity. A hybrid approach combining hydrological modelling with community engagement for integrated planning and decision-making. The modelled flooding scenarios indicate a projected increase in peak discharge by up to 30% under future climate projections, necessitating adaptive design strategies. The proposed framework integrates engineering solutions with social dimensions to enhance resilience against coastal flooding. Implement the designed drainage systems and integrate them into broader urban planning policies for sustainable coastal development. Climate-resilient design, Urban drainage systems, Coastal adaptation, Hydrological modelling, Community engagement The maintenance outcome was modelled as $Y_{it}=\beta_0+\beta_1X_{it}+u_i+\varepsilon_{it}$, with robustness checked using heteroskedasticity-consistent errors.