Protein Adequacy of Indian Diets: A Need to Reinforce on Protein Quality

The chapter “Protein Adequacy of Indian Diets: A Need to Reinforce on Protein Quality” discusses the importance of adequate protein intake and the quality of protein sources in the context of Indian dietary patterns. It highlights that although proteins are essential nutrients responsible for growth, tissue repair, immune function, and metabolic activities, the typical Indian diet largely cereal-based may not always provide sufficient high-quality protein. The chapter reviews current dietary recommendations for protein intake by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) and explains the concept of protein quality using indicators such as biological value, PDCAAS, and DIAAS. It further emphasizes the significance of combining different food groups, such as cereals and pulses, to improve amino acid balance through mutual supplementation. The chapter also examines dietary patterns across different population groups, the role of animal and plant-based protein sources, and emerging sustainable protein alternatives such as plant-based proteins and meat analogues. Overall, it stresses the need for greater awareness about both the quantity and quality of protein in Indian diets to support optimal health, growth, and disease prevention.