Formulation and Evaluation of a Polyherbal Hair Dye using Phyllanthus reticulatus Fruit

The increasing use of synthetic hair dyes containing ammonia, hydrogen peroxide, and para-phenylenediamine has raised serious health concerns, including scalp irritation, allergic reactions, and hair damage. This has led to growing interest in herbal alternatives that are safer and environmentally friendly. The present study focuses on the formulation and evaluation of a polyherbal hair dye using Phyllanthus reticulatus fruit as the primary natural colouring agent. The fruit extract, rich in tannins, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds, was combined with other herbal ingredients such as Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, Lawsonia inermis, and Emblica officinalis to enhance colouring efficiency and conditioning properties. The formulated dye was evaluated for organoleptic characteristics, physicochemical parameters, pH, spreadability, stability, washability, and safety through patch testing. The results showed satisfactory colour deposition, good stability, and compatibility with scalp pH without causing irritation. Additionally, the formulation exhibited antioxidant and antimicrobial properties beneficial for scalp health. The study concludes that the developed polyherbal hair dye is a safe, effective, eco-friendly, and economical alternative to synthetic hair dyes with added therapeutic benefits.