PLUME

PLUME

This work continues a series of studies presented in The Great Flood, Two Worlds, and Basalt Continent, where planetary-scale geological structures and catastrophic transformations of the Earth’s surface were examined.

While the previous works analysed the geomorphological and archaeological evidence of large-scale planetary events, the present study focuses on the possible internal mechanism driving these processes.

The paper considers deep mantle plumes as manifestations of a long-term internal planetary engine. Observations from Iceland and other plume regions are analysed as natural laboratories where the interaction between mantle plumes and mid-ocean ridges can be observed directly.

Special attention is given to the rhythmic and long-lasting character of plume activity and to the geochemical signals associated with deep mantle processes. These observations are discussed in the context of planetary evolution and global geological restructuring.

The work does not claim a final model but proposes an engineering interpretation of known geological observations and invites further discussion and verification.

SpongeBob & Eney Ankhizovych Troyanets
Ukraine, 2026