Experimental Study on Partial Replacement of Cement by Calcined Clay in Concrete Using Clay from the Ormanjhi Region of Ranchi, Jharkhand

Calcined clay is an important supplementary cementitious material that can partially replace cement and support sustainable construction practices. The use of locally available clay resources helps reduce cement consumption, lower carbon emissions, and minimize construction costs. Jharkhand is largely characterized by hilly and lateritic terrain, where different types of clay deposits are naturally available in regions such as Ranchi, Ormanjhi, Kanke, Ratu, Hazaribagh, and Ramgarh. These clay deposits are commonly utilized for brick manufacturing and other local construction activities, indicating their potential suitability for the production of calcined clay. Among these locations, the Ormanjhi region near Ranchi contains abundant clay resources that can be effectively utilized for construction-related applications. This study presents an experimental investigation on the partial replacement of cement with calcined clay in concrete using clay obtained from the Ormanjhi region of Ranchi, Jharkhand. The collected clay was processed and calcined before being incorporated into concrete at different replacement levels. Tests such as workability and compressive strength were conducted to evaluate the performance of the modified concrete. The study highlights the potential of utilizing locally available clay resources in Jharkhand to produce sustainable and cost-effective concrete for construction applications in the region.