"Effectiveness of a Structured Swallowing Exercise Package on Swallowing Ability and Quality of Life among Post-Stroke Patients with Dysphagia: A Quasi-Experimental Study"

Abstract:

Background: Post-stroke dysphagia is a frequent and serious complication that contributes to aspiration pneumonia, malnutrition, dehydration, prolonged hospitalization, and reduced quality of life. Early nurse-led swallowing rehabilitation has been recognized as an essential component of stroke recovery.

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of a structured swallowing exercise package on swallowing ability and quality of life among post-stroke patients with dysphagia.

Methods: A quasi-experimental pre-test post-test control group design was adopted. A total of 200 post-stroke patients diagnosed with dysphagia were recruited using purposive sampling and allocated into experimental (n=100) and control (n=100) groups. Swallowing ability was assessed using the Gugging Swallowing Screen (GUSS), and quality of life was measured using the SWAL-QOL questionnaire. The experimental group received a structured swallowing exercise package for 30 minutes daily for four weeks along with routine care, whereas the control group received routine care alone. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired t-test, and independent t-test.

Results: The experimental group showed statistically significant improvement in swallowing ability (Pre: 9.72 ± 2.01; Post: 14.85 ± 1.68; t = −29.41, p < 0.001) and quality of life (Pre: 45.26 ± 7.84; Post: 66.12 ± 6.95; t = −32.88, p < 0.001). Post-test comparison revealed significant differences between groups in GUSS (t = 12.76, df = 198, p < 0.001) and SWAL-QOL (t = 11.94, df = 198, p < 0.001).

Conclusion: The structured swallowing exercise package significantly enhanced swallowing function and quality of life among post-stroke patients. The study highlights the importance of nurse-led rehabilitation in stroke management.