Frullania nodulosa (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Nees

(Fig. 2)

Synopsis Hepaticarum 3: 433 (Gottsche et al. 1845). Basionym: Jungermannia nodulosa Reinw., Blume & Nees, Nova Acta Physico-Medica Academiae Caesareae Leopopoldino-Carolinae Naturae Curiosorum Exhibentia Ephemerides sive Observationes Historias et Experimenta 12: 217 (Reinwardt et al. 1824).

— Type (lectotypification needed, cited by Sukkharak (2018: 189) as “ holotype ”): Indonesia • Java, “ Lebock ”, Bantam; without date; Blume s.n.; STR.

SPECIMENS EXAMINED. — Peru • Region Loreto, Prov. Maynas, Las Amazonas, Explorama Lodge, ca. 80 km downstream from Iquitos; [3°26’36.86”S, 72°50’59.31”W]; 90 m alt.; 11.V.1986; S.L. Timme & E. Mockford 6323; MO [MO-7039738]! • Region Loreto, Prov. Loreto, Urarinas, Entre San Roque y Saramurillo, en el cauce del río Marañón, Aguajal bien abierto, con predominancia de herbáceas; 4°31’12”S, 74°41’31.20”W; 110 m alt.; 10.IX.2022; B. Espinoza-Prieto & E. Huamán 2537; F!; HSCH!, MO!, USM!.

DISTRIBUTION. — Pantropical, lowland rainforests and on isolated trees and shrubs in savannas, 100-300 m alt. In the Neotropics it occurs in Cuba, Dominican Republic, French Guiana, Surinam, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador (Hattori 1980; Gradstein & Costa 2003; Gradstein & Ilkiu-Borges 2009; Gradstein 2021).

DISTRIBUTION IN PERU. — Lowland forests in Amazon basin, 90- 110 m alt.

ADDITIONAL ILLUSTRATIONS. — Hattori 1980: 209, fig. 28; Gradstein 2021: 368, fig. 38m, n.

DISCUSSION

Frullania nodulosa is a widespread pantropical species (Hattori 1980; Gradstein et al. 2001; Gradstein 2021). In South America, it occurs in Amazonia (Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil, Bolivia, French Guiana, Suriname) and Mata Atlántica (Southeastern Brazil) and was expected to occur in Peru. Timme (1985) studied the bryophytes of the Amazonian region from many localities along the Amazon River in Peru, reporting two Frullania species (F.crispiloba Steph. and F.gibbosa Nees). His backlog of unprocessed specimens, many of which are still in their original collecting bags, was gifted to MO in 2012. A preliminary sort of these specimens by genera and initial curation into herbarium packets revealed material of F. nodulosa that was mixed with Lejeuneaceae and collected in Loreto near Iquitos. The first author also collected a specimen of this species from an area dominated by palms and herbs within the same department. These specimens were found as epiphytes on palm, as well as on a small branch of a fallen tree, the latter suggesting it may grow over branches or trunks of nearby living trees. Frullania nodulosa can be easily determined by its suborbicular leaf lobes, pendant lobules, filiform styli, large ovate-triangular underleaves with curved insertion and large auricles.