A Study on Biofilm Formation and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa in Wound Infection

Background; As the human body’s largest organ, the skin is vital for life, maintaining water and electrolyte balance, regulating temperature, and serving as a barrier against harmful external agents and microorganisms. A wound occurs when this epithelial integrity is breached, leaving the body vulnerable to infections caused by diverse pathogens, including bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses. While common bacterial culprits include Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, E. coli, Proteus, Acinetobacter species and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, has become a significant concern. Recent data shows a marked increase in P. aeruginosa wound infections compared to studies from a decade ago, manifesting in both acute and chronic forms. Furthermore, it is estimated that 28% of healthy individuals within hospital environments are carriers of this specific Gram-negative bacilli.

Method; This is a cross sectional study to determine the biofilm formation and Antibiotic susceptibility pattern (AST) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in wound infection. The study was conducted between January 2025 to December 2025 in Microbiology laboratory at Srinivas institute of Medical sciences and Research centre, Mukka Hospital, Mangalore.

Result; Out of 41 isolates of P. aeruginosa, it showed maximum resistance to cephalosporins and least resistance to carbapenems. Out of 41 P. aeruginosa isolates, 16 were biofilm producers, of which 8, 6, and 2 were weak, Moderate, and strong biofilm producers respectively. Of the total 16 biofilm producing P. aeruginosa isolates, 4 were Metallo-β Lactamase (MBL) producers and 12 were MBL non producers.

Conclusion; This study showed that Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most common organism isolated from wound infections and that the presence of MBL producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa is alarmingly increasing in wound infections