Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in Patients with Dyspepsia at tertiary Care Hospital in North Karnataka

Prevalence of dyspepsia is in the range of 14.5%-45% worldwide. Dyspepsia defined as pain/discomfort in upper abdomen, is a common symptom with an extensive differential diagnosis and heterogeneous pathophysiology. Dyspeptic individuals were found to be infected with H-pylori than asymptomatic individuals. Though most individuals are asymptomatic, H. pylori plays a key role in the etiology of many upper gastrointestinal disorder. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in dyspeptic patients. Methods: Present study comprises of 80 patients presenting with Dyspepsia at HIMS, Haveri (both out-patients and referred patients) during the period of June 2024 to June2025. The patients were subjected to clinical examination, and Upper GI endoscopy. Endoscopic findings were noted. In case of any abnormal findings on endoscopy, endoscopic biopsy was obtained. Histopathological assessment of gastric mucosa was done after staining. The histopathological diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in biopsy specimen will be mainly done using the Modified Giemsa stain. The data were collected and analysed using SPSS software by descriptive statistics. Results: Age of the patient ranged from 17yrs to 80yrs, Out of 80 patients, 52 were males and 28 were females, maximum number of cases were in the age group of 36-45 year (21.25%). Pain abdomen was the predominating presentation. In our study by endoscopy, majority of the patients were found to have gastritis followed by GERD. In our study, out of 80 cases 28(35%) cases {Male 20(25%), Female 8(10%)} are positive for H pylori infection and 52(65%) cases are negative for H pylori infection. In our study, Benign pathology cases 27(33.75%) were positive for H pylori, 42 cases were negative, 1(1.25%) Malignant pathology case was positive for H pylori, 6 cases were negative and none of the normal study cases were positive for H pylori. Conclusions: The burden of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with dyspepsia was high. Early diagnosis and eradication of Helicobacter pylori not only improves symptoms but also help to prevent complications associated with Helicobacter pylori infections.