From Conversation to Command Execution: A Comparative Threat Modeling and Risk Analysis of OpenClaw and ChatGPT

The development of large language model (LLM)-based software has resulted in two trends: cloud-based conversational systems like ChatGPT and self-hosted autonomous agent systems like OpenClaw. Although they both use generative AI, their implementation authority, level of trust, and cybersecurity risk appear to vary significantly. In the given paper, the structure of the comparative analysis of three areas is conducted, that is, security architecture, paradigm of the threats modeling of the Structured Threat Reduction Inventory, and the qualitative risk measurement. Based on recent AI risk management (AI, 2024) and new studies on the weakness of LLMs (Dong et al., 2025; Gulyamov et al., 2026), we show that the autonomous agents change AI risk by transforming information-layer vulnerability to system-layer implementation threats that drastically change enterprise security posture needs. A comparison matrix framework and visualization of mitigation are given based on secure deployment decisions.