Extinction, Climate and Food Security, or Simply Soil and Worms: Heart of the Issue, Source of the Problem… and the Solution (albeit Land is no Longer a Carbon Sink)

Abstract:

Soil, with 30,000 Gt SOC (Gigatonnes of Soil Organic Carbon), is the greatest global store of active carbon recently flipped from the major sink to net source of excess atmospheric CO₂. Soil Respiration/decay (~220 Gt C/yr) is twenty times Fossil Fuel (FF) emissions (~10 Gt C/yr). Soil supports >99.9% of species biodiversity (mainly microbes), provides ~99% of human food, and filters100% of our drinkable freshwater (via earthworm burrows). Soil is yet the most neglected Biome as are its main monitors and mediators, the resident earthworms. These are silently dying, just as soil is being eroded and degraded at irreplaceable rates, to our, and all other species’, detriment. Land use change (LUC) releases carbon from deforestation/deserts and soil erosion/poisoning at rates about twice FF emissions, themselves twice CO₂ increase (5 Gt C/yr). Realizing this provides a ready solution to Climate, to Food Security as well as the most pressing of issues: rapid and irreversible species’ Extinction. Based upon proper Scientific context and urgent triage priority, an imperative is to redirect all our efforts and funding to restore topsoil. The simplest remedies, available to anyone, are to vermi-compost, to demand or support 100% Organic food (thus protecting earthworms), and to reduce red-meat glut. In this way rich soil humus revives, deforestation reduces and toxic poisoning of our air, water, soil and food is resolved. Organic husbandry within broader Permaculture design principles allows practical and proven solutions to the ecologically interlinked problems.