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Published February 27, 2026 | Version v1
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The Residual Arc Hypothesis: A Molecular Model for Déjà Vu and Structural Working Memory Latency

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Description

This paper proposes a unified molecular mechanism for Short-Term Memory 
(STM) and the phenomenon of Déjà Vu. We challenge the traditional "Persistent Firing" 
model by arguing that STM is a transient structural state created by the Arc protein 
and erased by the enzyme Ube3A. We define Déjà Vu as a "Synaptic Cleanup Error" 
occurring when Ube3A fails to fully degrade Arc capsids, leaving a "Residual Arc" 
presence at the synapse. This residual protein lowers the neuronal firing threshold from 
55mV to -53mV, causing a sub-millisecond "latency advantage". When a new signal 
fires "too fast" due to this lowered threshold, the brain misinterprets the speed as 
evidence of a pre-existing memory. This model explains why intense focus—which 
triggers high Arc production—often leads to both Déjà Vu and subsequent "Weak 
Memory" (encoding failure due to synaptic congestion). 

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