Qualitative Phytochemical Screening of the Methanolic Extracts of Actinostemma tenerum, Adenostemma lavenia and Hydrocharis dubia

Introduction: Wetland plants are often rich in bioactive compounds, yet many species remain scientifically unexplored. The present study focuses on the qualitative phytochemical screening of Actinostemma tenerum, Adenostemma lavenia and Hydrocharis dubia collected from Loktak Lake, a significant Ramsar site.

Methods: Standard phytochemical tests were carried out to identify the major secondary metabolites present in these species.

Results and Discussion: The analysis showed the presence of important phytochemicals such as flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, phenols, carbohydrates, glycosides, quinones, coumarins, and saponins, though their distribution varied among the plants. Among the three, Adenostemma lavenia exhibited relatively higher phytochemical diversity. The occurrence of these compounds indicates possible antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties. Terpenoids, Coumarins and Quinone are highly present in leaves extract of Actinostemma tenerum. Flavonoids, Terpenoids, Coumarins and Quinone are highly present in the leaves extract of Adenostemma lavenia. Coumarins and quinones are highly present in Hydrocharis dubia.

Conclusion: Overall, the study provides preliminary insight into the chemical composition of these wetland plants and highlights their potential medicinal value. Further detailed investigations are required to confirm their biological activities and therapeutic applications.