Inquiries Initiated Ex Officio by the Brazilian Supreme Federal Court: An Empirical Analysis Based on Official Data (2019–2024)

This article presents an original empirical analysis of criminal inquiries initiated ex officio by the Brazilian Supreme Federal Court between 2019 and 2024. Based exclusively on official public data, the study maps the frequency, legal grounds, procedural characteristics, and institutional implications of such inquiries. The research aims to contribute to the academic debate on judicial power, separation of powers, and constitutional procedural safeguards in contemporary Brazil. By combining quantitative data examination with institutional analysis, the study offers an evidence-based assessment of the expansion and practical functioning of ex officio investigative mechanisms within the Supreme Court.