LINGUOCULTURAL FEATURES OF REALIA IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK LANGUAGES

This article explores the concept, types, and cultural significance of realia in English and Uzbek languages. Realia are culturally specific elements that reflect both tangible and intangible aspects of a society, such as traditions, foods, festivals, social institutions, and geographical landmarks. The article categorizes realia into four main groups: geographical, ethnographic, socio-political, and everyday life. It also discusses the challenges in translating realia, including lack of equivalence, cultural misunderstanding, and potential loss of cultural meaning. Various translation strategies, such as transliteration, expansion, cultural substitution, and generalization, are examined.