Assessment of Human Activity Pressures on Coastal Ecosystems of Pangandaran Beach, Indonesia

Pangandaran is a sub-district of Pangandaran Regency that includes a seaside area. Because most human activities take place in coastal areas, they have the potential to be heavily polluted. Human activities in the coastal sections of Pangandaran District are dominated by fishermen, tourists, fishing, and other activities that rely on coastal and marine resources to maintain the community's economy. The investigation was carried out in the Pangandaran Beach region of Pangandaran District, Pangandaran Regency. The goal of this research is to identify human activities and the pressure they put on coastal conditions, estimate the risk impact of human activities on ecosystems, and make decisions in order to prevent a rise in the chain of impacts. The study will be conducted in June 2023. This research focuses on the activities of fishing and tourism. The research method employed an ecosystem-based management strategy. The findings of this study indicate that there are seven pressures that have the ability to alter coastal conditions. Marine debris, which has an average IR value of 0.50, is an extremely dangerous pressure that causes acute damage to the ecosystem. The IR value of marine trash from tourism activities is 0.08 in the sublittoral sediment ecological component, whereas fishing operations have an IR value of 0.23. The resulting total IR (Impact Risk) value indicates that fishing activities are more valuable than tourism activities, with total values of 14.63 and 12.45, respectively. Fishing activities take place every day, putting more pressure on the environment, whereas tourism activities are seasonal. Pressure on the ecology is caused by marine debris, which has an average IR value of 0.50. The IR value of marine trash from tourism activities is 0.08 in the sublittoral sediment ecological component, whereas fishing operations have an IR value of 0.23.

Keywords: Coastal Conditions, Pangandaran Beach, Human Activities.