Koinonia and Stewardship: Property, Wealth, and Mutual Aid in the First Christian Communities (c. 30-150 CE) - A Comprehensive Analysis with Special Reference to Acts 2:44-45 and 4:32-35

The early Christian communities practiced voluntary economic sharing rooted in theological convictions. Jerusalem's intense communalism (Acts 2:44-45; 4:32-35) expressed their Spirit-led unity and eliminated need. As Christianity spread, this evolved into systematic mutual aid through household networks and Paul's collection. Their ethic of stewardship and koinonia challenged absolute private property, viewing possessions as divine gifts for the common good.