Little Red Dots as Interface-Organized Structures in an Overlap-Growth Early Universe

This paper presents a conservative, ontology-neutral framework for interpreting the James Webb Space Telescope population known as Little Red Dots (LRDs). These compact, high-redshift sources exhibit optical and near-infrared dominance, suppressed X-ray and radio emission, and a sharply limited abundance peaking at redshifts z ~ 6–9, challenging standard hierarchical galaxy formation and unobscured AGN models. The framework interprets LRDs as transient, interface-organized radiative nodes arising within a growing overlap region of extended domains. As the overlap volume decreases toward early times, admissibility constraints tighten and interface effects dominate, generating strong coherence gradients that drive compactification and frequency-selective radiative transmission favoring optical and near-infrared escape. The model reproduces LRD compactness, spectral suppression, and epoch limitation without modifying global metric expansion and yields falsifiable predictions including redshift-dependent size evolution, systematic spectral transitions, enhanced clustering or alignment, net polarization, and transition objects bridging X-ray-quiet LRDs and X-ray-bright active galactic nuclei.