Efficient Renewable Energy Integration in Hybrid Grids via Fuel Cell-Assisted Interlinking Converter

An innovative interlinking converter architecture is proposed to enable flexible integration of renewable energy sources into hybrid grid systems. With one AC port and two DC ports, the converter supports multiple configurations including DC–DC, DC–AC, and multiport DC–DC/AC operations, allowing seamless interfacing between diverse power sources. The design framework includes common-mode voltage analysis and supports various operational modes. A tailored modulation strategy is applied, and simulation-based validation confirms its high power density, minimal leakage current, flexible energy conversion, and controllable power flow— making it a reliable and efficient solution for hybrid energy systems.