International Climate Change Framework and India

Climate change represents one of the most complex and pressing challenges confronting the global community in the twenty‑first century. Addressing this challenge requires robust international cooperation supported by effective national policy responses. This paper critically examines the evolution of the international climate change framework and evaluates India’s role, commitments, and policy responses within this regime. Using qualitative analysis of international agreements and national policy documents, the study highlights how India navigates the dual imperatives of climate responsibility and socio‑economic development. The findings suggest that while India has made notable progress through ambitious commitments and institutional initiatives, persistent challenges related to finance, technology, and implementation capacity continue to shape outcomes. The study contributes to contemporary climate governance literature by offering an integrated assessment of global frameworks and a major developing country’s response.