Evaluation of Physical and Electrical Properties of Urine as Diagnostic Tools for Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease

Urine test has long been a means of diagnosis in medical science. This research investigates the relationship between the physical and electrical properties of urine—specific gravity, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), and pH—in diagnosing diabetes mellitus (DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). A total of 135 urine samples were collected from patients at Bowen University Teaching Hospital (BUTH), Ogbomoso, with cases of diabetes and CKD. The result revealed significant variations in urine properties across all conditions. The findings show the potential of urine-specific gravity, pH, and electrical conductivity as non-invasive biomarkers for early detection of these ailments.