Contracted pelvis

Abstract:

Contracted pelvis refers to a pelvic deformity in which one or more pelvic diameters are reduced below normal, potentially interfering with the normal progress of labor. It remains an important cause of obstructed labor, particularly in low-resource settings. Etiological factors include congenital pelvic anomalies, childhood malnutrition, rickets, trauma, spinal deformities, and diseases affecting bone growth. Depending on the degree and type of contraction—such as gynecoid, android, anthropoid, or platypelloid pelvis—the condition may lead to cephalopelvic disproportion, prolonged labor, maternal exhaustion, uterine rupture, and adverse perinatal outcomes. Diagnosis is based on clinical pelvimetry, obstetric history, labor progress, and imaging modalities such as ultrasonography or radiopelvimetry when indicated. Management depends on the severity of contraction, fetal size, and labor dynamics, ranging from a carefully monitored trial of labor to elective or emergency cesarean section. Early identification, appropriate antenatal assessment, and timely obstetric intervention are crucial in reducing maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality associated with contracted pelvis.