THE ROLE OF HORMONAL IMBALANCE IN MENSTRUAL CYCLE DISORDERS AMONG ADOLESCENT GIRLS

Menstrual cycle irregularities are common during adolescence and are often associated with the immaturity of the hypothalamic–pituitary–ovarian axis. Hormonal imbalance plays a central role in the development of disorders such as oligomenorrhea, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, and abnormal uterine bleeding. Factors including rapid physical growth, psychological stress, nutritional deficiencies, endocrine disorders, and lifestyle changes can disrupt hormonal regulation during this critical developmental period. Menstrual disturbances not only affect physical health but also have a significant impact on emotional well-being, academic performance, and future reproductive health, highlighting the importance of early evaluation and management.