Socio-economic status in a rural Pakistani village
Authors/Creators
-
1.
Karakoram International University
-
2.
Aga Khan University Hospital
Description
Background
Socioeconomic status is an important driver of health outcomes, but the drivers of change in household status over time are often overlooked in favor of cross-sectional metrics of convenience. This is especially challenging in remote populations in low- and middle-income settings. We report changes in socioeconomic status over two decades.
Methods
During two studies on childhood health outcomes (1989-1996 and 2011-2014), socio-economic data were collected through surveys and interviews in Oshikhandass village, a remote population in northern Pakistan. Observations included metrics of population demography, occupation and incomes, household structure and self-reported adult illness. Individual measurements are reported with summary statistics comparing the two time periods and multi-dimensional socio-economic constructs are constructed from factor analyses to compare changes in relative household socio-economic position over time.
Files
Study 1, 1989-1996
Study 2, 2011-2014
| Data | Codebook | Description |
| Study 1 HH_Family Folder _Jan17_2026 | Study 1 Codebook HH_Family folder_Jan 17_2026 | Family information including parental education, occupation and income in Study 1 |
| Study 1 HHFamilyFolderOnly for HH_withChildrenUnder5years_Jan17_2026 | Study 1 Codebook HH_Family folder_Jan 17_2026 | Subset of the above for parents with children under 5y |
| Study 1 Data on Individuals in Households Jan17 2026 | Study 1 Codebook Individuals in Households Jan 17_2026 | Age of individuals in Study 1 |
| Study 2 Mapping Data_Final_January 17_2026 | Study 2 Mapping Codebook_January 17 2026 | Household factors, e.g., construction and assets, from mapped data in Study 2 |
| Study 2 Individual Members Data_January 16_2026 | Study 2 Individual Members Codebook_January 16_2026 | Ages and self-reported illness data in Study 2 |
| Study 2 Data for Parents of U5 Children Jan17_2026 | Study 2 Codebook for Parents of U5 Children Jan 17_2026 | Occupations and education of parents of children <5y in Study 2 |
| Study 2 SES Data Occupations All Earning Household Members_January 17_2026 | Study 2 SES Codebook Occupations_January 17_2026 | Occupation data for Study 2 |
| Study 2 SES Data_Jan 18 2026 | Study 2 SES Codebook_January 18 2026 | Data from the socio-economic status questionnaire in Study 2 data |
| SES Factor Analysis Data_Jan16_2026 | SES Factor Analysis Codebook Jan16_2026 | Factor analysis of both Study 1 and 2 |
Files
SES Factor Analysis Data_Jan16_2026.csv
Files
(1.9 MB)
| Name | Size | Download all |
|---|---|---|
|
md5:fa705b2d002b7d2a713900e443072949
|
13.6 kB | Download |
|
md5:b9d17a878c015696d8864480ac5ae921
|
398.8 kB | Preview Download |
|
md5:d6ff675a059ec5e74fe11c949a56e697
|
15.4 kB | Download |
|
md5:d9f2d82ba74a2fd8c8a3860d44ccd970
|
10.0 kB | Download |
|
md5:fa9ae26e55557f7547e3ed83830c7209
|
192.8 kB | Preview Download |
|
md5:bd6ab97ed68caaf9bb447ad232c8a291
|
50.5 kB | Preview Download |
|
md5:d34ac311c9fe4243b9a80ac7fc21dd69
|
40.1 kB | Preview Download |
|
md5:1549cab098c55eb311b96e073d5082b5
|
20.1 kB | Download |
|
md5:bb0200709eabf3ad7d73d25abf1f8158
|
26.2 kB | Preview Download |
|
md5:66a57171ba423cac8d188a6d6b1f495d
|
12.7 kB | Download |
|
md5:2eb753b89fdef3de5c36d2855cb804b7
|
504.7 kB | Preview Download |
|
md5:5ef804b76bd901abda877ff6957172d0
|
10.8 kB | Download |
|
md5:21a66fa41a939417eaa4982899bc410d
|
40.1 kB | Preview Download |
|
md5:56bb332d4a1036b4cd4a200ff5459dfa
|
18.1 kB | Download |
|
md5:bfe400482baca5817bb146c668729709
|
21.6 kB | Download |
|
md5:08b92a1a7b20c5d0baabf129a752baf8
|
94.0 kB | Preview Download |
|
md5:09ffd925506a9bf1cc574ce764e293c7
|
422.5 kB | Preview Download |
Additional details
Funding
- National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
- PGA-P211012
- Higher Education Commission
- 4-421/PAK-US/HEC/2010/955
Dates
- Available
-
2026-01-25Pre-print