Thermodynamic Attraction and Kinetic Torque: Empirical Evidence of Negentropy and Directional Force Gradients in Non-Isolated Systems
Authors/Creators
Description
The Second Law of Thermodynamics postulates that entropy in an isolated system tends to
increase, associating heat transfer with dispersion and molecular disorder. In open systems,
structures may emerge, but they are typically described as dissipative. However, standard
physics asserts that in the absence of mechanical pumps, fluids on an incline must flow downward
(Gravity) or from hot to cold regions (Marangoni Effect) .
This paper challenges the completeness of these laws. We hypothesize that Heat is an
Attractive Force. In this model, the movement of a fluid is a vector sum of Gravitational
Pull (Down) vs. Thermal Attraction (Up). We present distinct experimental cases (Videos
S1–S6) demonstrating that when the thermal gradient (∇T) is sufficiently high, the Thermal
Force overcomes conservative fields, generating spontaneous order and mechanical work against
gravity.
Files
Video S1.MP4
Files
(33.6 MB)
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Additional details
Dates
- Created
-
2026-01-15
- Updated
-
2026-01-15
- Updated
-
2026-01-15