INDIA-U S RELATIONS – TRADE, DEFENCE, AND TECHNOLOGY

The relationship between India and the United States has evolved from the "estranged democracies" of the Cold War into one of the most consequential strategic partnerships of the 21st century. As of late 2025, this partnership is defined by a deepening convergence on Indo-Pacific security, an ambitious technology sharing agenda under the iCET (Initiative on Critical and Emerging Technology), and robust defense ties. However, the relationship faces significant headwinds, including trade protectionism, immigration policy shifts (H-1B visa fees), and diplomatic friction regarding extraterritorial activities and human rights. This paper analyzes the current trajectory of India-US ties across three primary pillars: Trade, Defence, and Technology, while evaluating the impact of the "Russia factor" and recent diplomatic spats.