Netelia (Paropheltes) yui Konishi, 2000

Figs 6 D – E, 12, 13, 17 L – O

Netelia (Paropheltes) brunea Konishi, 1996 a: 174. Preoccupied by Netelia (Netelia) brunnea Townes, 1939.

Netelia (Paropheltes) yui Konishi, 2000: 290. Substitute name of Netelia (Paropheltes) brunea Konishi, 1996.

Diagnosis.

This species can be distinguished from other species of subgenus Paropheltes in having the combination of the following characters: occipital carina complete; gonostyle with a papillate area (V-shaped or weakly present dorsally) on apex of the pad; gonostyle with submarginal spine absent; mesopleuron yellowish brown, brown, to blackish brown; mesoscutum completely blackish brown.

This species is most similar to N. (Longiterebates) turgida Kaur & Jonathan, 1979 and N. (Paro.) ermolenkoi Tolkanitz, 1981 in having the rounded and blunt gonostyle, narrow and parallel-sided brace, apically pointed and dorso-basally projected pad, presence of papillate area dorsally, but differs in the complete occipital carina (absent in N. (Longiterebates) turgida) (Konishi, 1996 a), the almost completely brown or blackish brown mesoscutum (Figs 12 E, 13 G) (three brownish stripes on lobes of mesoscutum in N. (Paro.) ermolenkoi (Fig. 14 F)), the mesopleuron with brownish markings and mesosternum without blackish brown markings (Figs 12 D, 13 C) (pale yellowish brown mesopleuron with blackish brown mesosternum in N. (Paro.) ermolenkoi (Fig. 14 E)), the fore wing 1 cu-a almost opposite or slightly distad to M & RS (Figs 12 F, 13 A) (basad to M & RS in N. (Paro.) ermolenkoi (Fig. 14 A)), and the lateral ocelli not touching eyes (Fig. 12 B) (almost touching eyes in N. (Longiterebates) turgida and N. (Paro.) ermolenkoi (Fig. 14 D)).

Type material.

Holotype. Japan • 1 ♂; Hokkaido, Tokachi, Kamishihoro-machi, Nukabira; 22.VI.1980; K. Maeto leg.; Voucher: NARO (Fig. 13).

Non-type material.

Taiwan – Hualien County • 1 ♂; Xiulin Township, Tayuling; alt. 2560 m; 9–16.VI.1980; K. S. Lin, B. H. Chen leg.; Voucher: TARI Net 6. – Taichung City • 1 ♀; Heping Dist., Anmashan; alt. 2275 m; 6–9.VII.1979; L. Y. Chou leg.; Voucher: TARI Net 7. 1 ♀; ibid, Wuling; alt. 1900 m; 27–29.VI.1979; K. S. Lin, L. Y. Chou leg.; Voucher: TARI Net 8. – Nantou County • 3 ♂♂; Ren’ai Township, Meifeng; 11.VI.–9.VII.2002; Malaise trap (KCN); C. S. Lin, W. T. Yang leg.; Voucher: NMNS ENT 4477-571, 648, 763. 1 ♂; ibid; alt. 2150 m; 20–22.VI.1979; K. S. Lin, B. S. Chen leg.; Voucher: TARI Net 9. 1 ♂; ibid; 5–8.VI.1980; C. C. Chen leg.; Voucher: TARI Net 10. 1 ♀; Ren’ai Township, Peitungyanshan; 1–31.X.1972; Malaise trap; Unknown collector; Voucher: TARI Net 11. 3 ♀♀; Ren’ai Township, Sungkang; alt. 2100 m; X.1985; Malaise trap; K. S. Lin leg.; Voucher: TARI Net 23 –25. – Chiayi County • 1 ♂; Alishan Township, Alishan; alt. 2400 m; 5–9.VIII.1981; L. Y. Chou, S. C. Lin leg.; Voucher: TARI Net 12. Japan – Kanagawa Prefecture • 1 ♂; Yamakita, Mt. Hinokiboramaru; 17.VII.2014; T. Taniwaki leg.; Voucher: KPMNH. Shizuoka Prefecture • 1 ♂; Shizuoka City, Aoi-ku, Kangyoumine-toge; 14.VI.2008; K. Watanabe leg.; Voucher: KPMNH.

Redescription based on Taiwanese specimens.

Measurements were based on 6 males and 3 females. Male. Head (Figs 12 A – C, 13 D – F): vertex polished and coriaceous; frons, face, clypeus matt and finely coriaceous with setae; HW / HL = 1.79–2.11 (1.94 ± 0.13),; lateral ocelli not touching eyes, OD = 0.2 (0.20 ± 0.02) mm, POL / OD = 0.3–0.6 (0.44 ± 0.09), minimum distance between eye and lateral ocelli / OD = 0.2–0.3 (0.28 ± 0.05); occipital carina complete; face FW / FH = 1.3–1.4 (1.30 ± 0.04); clypeus CLW / CLH = 1.8–2.4 (2.20 ± 0.25), ventral margin truncated; malar space with MSL / BMW = 0.2–0.4 (0.34 ± 0.08); gena GOI = 2.2–2.9 (2.67 ± 0.26); flagellum with 39–41 segments, 1 st flagellomere 1.2–1.4 (1.28 ± 0.08) × as long as 2 nd flagellomere, 4.0–5.0 (4.50 ± 0.36) × as long as wide.

Mesosoma (Figs 12 D, E; 13 G, H): pronotum matt and coriaceous, rugose on middle area; mesoscutum, scutellum, and mesopleuron matt, normally or finely coriaceous; mesoscutum MSSL / MSSW = 1.2–1.4 (1.27 ± 0.09), with notaulus present on about anterior 0.4; scutellum SCL / SCW = 1.1–1.5 (1.20 ± 0.16), with lateral carina present on about anterior 0.3; propodeum evenly and minutely punctate on anterior half, with strong and parallel transverse striae posteriorly, sublateral crest absent or weak.

Wings (Figs 12 F, 13 A): fore wing length 6.2–7.2 (6.73 ± 0.43) mm; 3 rs-m present, areolet medium-sized and anteriorly stalked; 2 rs-m and abscissa between 2 rs-m and 2 m-cu in acute angle; RMI = 0.8 (0.80 ± 0.03); ramulus absent; 1 cu-a straight and weakly inclivous, basad to M & RS with BNI = 0.1–0.2 (0.16 ± 0.03); cell AA with setal band sparse and parallel-sided; AA almost straight; hind wing with 6 distal hamuli; NI = 0.2–0.4 (0.37 ± 0.08).

Legs: fore tibial spur 0.3–0.4 (0.33 ± 0.02) × as long as 1 st tarsomere; fore 1 st tarsomere 16.0–19.5 (17.71 ± 1.51) × as long as wide, 2.0–2.1 (2.04 ± 0.06) × as long as 2 nd; fore tarsal claw with 8–9 pectens; hind 1 st tarsomere 10.5–12.9 (11.48 ± 0.96) × as long as wide, 2.0–2.2 (2.06 ± 0.06) × as long as 2 nd; hind tarsal claw normal, with 6 pectens.

Metasoma (Fig. 17 L – O): T 1 3.1–3.6 (3.42 ± 0.18) × as long as posterior width, 1.6–1.7 (1.60 ± 0.05) × as long as T 2; abdominal sternum IX HPW / HPL = 0.9–1.1 (1.02 ± 0.09), posteriorly rounded; gonostyle apically rounded and blunt, with submarginal spine absent, GSWB / GSL = 0.5–0.6 (0.59 ± 0.04), pad apically pointed, projected dorso-basally; brace narrow and parallel-sided; papillate area V-shaped (not well developed in some specimens) on apex of pad; gonossiculus narrow, strongly broad apically and pointed ventrally; basivolsella with patch of long and stout seta; penisvalva PVL / GSL = 0.5–0.6 (0.54 ± 0.05), volviceps with dorsal margin about 0.9 length of ventral margin, valvura strongly and dorsally curved.

Coloration (Figs 6 D, E, 12, 13 A, B): head yellowish brown, except ocellar area blackish brown, vertex and dorsal portion of occiput brown; mesosoma yellowish brown except mesoscutum blackish brown, apical 0.3 of scutellum and dorsal surface of propodeum brown; wings hyaline, with wing vein blackish brown and pterostigma brown to yellowish brown; legs yellowish brown, except fore and mid tarsi, hind femora and tibia brown, hind tarsi yellowish white; metasoma yellowish brown to brown.

Female. General structures and color similar to male. HW / HL = 1.9–2.2 (2.06 ± 0.16); OD = 0.2 (0.20 ± 0.02) mm, POL / OD = 0.4–0.6 (0.48 ± 0.07), minimum distance between eye and lateral ocelli / OD = 0.2–0.3 (0.26 ± 0.07); FW / FH = 1.2–1.3 (1.23 ± 0.06); CLW / CLH = 2.0–2.4 (2.18 ± 0.20); MSL / BMW = 0.3–0.5 (0.36 ± 0.09); GOI = 2.5–3.1 (2.76 ± 0.34); flagellum with 41–43 segments, 1 st flagellomere 1.1–1.3 (1.16 ± 0.12) × as long as 2 nd flagellomere, 4.0–4.8 (4.33 ± 0.43) × as long as wide. MSSL / MSSW = 1.2–1.3 (1.22 ± 0.05); SCL / SCW = 1.2–1.5 (1.38 ± 0.13); fore wing length 6.2–8.8 (7.35 ± 1.03) mm; RMI = 0.7–1.0 (0.80 ± 0.14); BNI = 0.2 (0.21 ± 0.03); hind wing with 6 hamuli; NI = 0.3 (0.29 ± 0.03). Fore tibial spur 0.3–0.4 (0.35 ± 0.05) × as long as 1 st tarsomere; fore 1 st tarsomere 15.5–20.1 (17.44 ± 2.42) × as long as wide, 2.0–2.2 (2.08 ± 0.11) × as long as 2 nd; fore tarsal claw with 6 pectens; hind 1 st tarsomere 9.1–16.7 (12.22 ± 3.99) × as long as wide, 1.8–2.2 (1.98 ± 0.21) × as long as 2 nd; hind tarsal claw with 6–7 pectens. T 1 3.0–3.3 (3.19 ± 0.18) × as long as posterior width, 1.5–1.7 (1.59 ± 0.06) × as long as T 2; ovipositor 2.1–2.4 (2.29 ± 0.14) × as long as apical depth of metasoma.

Distribution.

Japan (Hokkaido [type locality], Honshu (Konishi, 1996 a)), Taiwan (new record: Hualien, Taichung, Nantou, Chiayi).

Bionomics.

Unknown.

Remarks.

This species cannot be assigned to any known species groups of subgenus Paropheltes. A large color variation between the Taiwanese and Japanese specimens was observed, for instance, the mesopleuron is yellowish brown in Taiwanese specimens but with brown to blackish brown marking in Japanese specimens, and the frons is yellowish brown to brown in Taiwanese specimens but with distinct triangular brown marking in Japanese specimens.

In addition, the close distribution (Hokkaido vs. Kuril Islands and Primorsky Krai) and similar male genitalia of N. yui Konishi, 2000 and N. ermolenkoi Tolkanitz, 1981 (Tolkanitz 1999: 634, fig. 1) raising the possibility that N. yui could be a junior synonym of N. ermolenkoi. However, the structural distinctions in ocelli, fore wing vein, and body color pattern noted in the Diagnosis section above (Fig. 14), along with the possibility that the male specimens and female holotype of N. ermolenkoi may be mismatched (e. g., Kaur and Jonathan (1979) misidentified and incorrectly matched the male with N. (Apatagium) inaequalis (Uchida, 1934), a species known only from the female holotype), lead us to retain their status as separate species. Further studies, including broader sampling and DNA barcoding comparisons, are needed to clarify their taxonomic relationship.

The male genitalia of the holotype of N. (Paro.) brunea Konishi, 1996 a (= N. (Paro.) yui Konishi, 2000) were observed to be missing upon personal examination by the first author in 2023. It is possible that the male genitalia may have been corroded by potassium hydroxide during the preservation process of the specimen. However, the male genitalia and other morphology (e. g., complete occipital carina, lateral ocelli distanced from eyes) of the Taiwanese specimens align with the original description (Konishi, 1996 a). The Taiwanese specimens is thus considered to belong to this species.