Review on Green Analytical Chemistry

Green Analytical Chemistry (GAC) is a growing branch of chemistry that applies green chemistry principles to analytical methods to protect the environment and human health. Its main goal is to design safer and sustainable analytical procedures that use fewer and less harmful chemicals, consume less energy, and produce very little waste, while still giving accurate and reliable results. GAC puts importance on eco-friendly steps such as green sample preparation, safe solvent selection, and proper waste disposal. New green extraction techniques like Solid Phase Extraction (SPE), Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE), and Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) help reduce the use of dangerous solvents and save energy. To check how green an analytical method is, researchers use evaluation tools such as NEMI, GAPI, and AGREE. In short, GAC encourages replacing traditional laboratory methods with cleaner, safer, and more sustainable techniques to support scientific progress and environmental care.