Environmental Biotechnology and Waste Management

Many environmental problems caused by human activities need to be addressed using methods that are both cost-effective and environmentally sustainable. This paper proposes a comprehensive framework for managing and controlling solid waste in the south-east region of Nigeria. The key activities include collecting and transporting waste to designated sites, separating recyclable materials, and converting biodegradable waste into organic fertiliser and biogas.

These processes require the active involvement of local communities, industries, and Small- and Medium-Scale Enterprises (SMEs) that can apply environmentally integrated processing and production technologies. Biotechnology is used to transform organic waste into enriched compost and biogas, while SMEs can use waste materials as raw inputs to produce other goods and services. This approach represents the use of value-adding environmental technologies.

Overall, the framework promotes the use of modern and forward-looking technologies to effectively manage existing waste problems and prevent future accumulation. Strong collaboration between government bodies, the public, and research institutions is essential for successful implementation.