Published December 31, 2025 | Version v1
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Wastewater Quality Assessment and Environmental Risk Analysis in RIICO Industrial Area, Deoli Rajasthan

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Industrial wastewater discharge is a major source of environmental pollution, particularly in rapidly developing industrial estates. The present study evaluates the physicochemical characteristics and associated environmental risks of wastewater generated from the RIICO Industrial Area, Deoli (Rajasthan, India). Wastewater samples were collected from selected industrial discharge points and analyzed using standard methods prescribed by APHA, and WHO. Key physicochemical parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total hardness, alkalinity, chloride, and sulphate were determined. The results revealed that the wastewater exhibited a slightly alkaline pH, while most parameters significantly exceeded permissible discharge limits. Elevated EC, TDS, TSS, and turbidity values indicated high concentrations of dissolved and suspended pollutants. Low DO levels coupled with high BOD and COD values confirmed a substantial organic pollution load, suggesting inadequate treatment of industrial effluents prior to discharge. Excessive concentrations of hardness, alkalinity, chloride, and sulphate further reflected the influence of industrial chemicals and salts. Overall, the findings demonstrate that wastewater from the RIICO Industrial Area, Deoli poses a considerable environmental risk to nearby water bodies, soil, and groundwater resources. The study highlights the urgent need for effective wastewater treatment facilities, strict regulatory enforcement, and continuous monitoring to mitigate pollution and protect environmental sustainability. The results provide valuable baseline data for environmental management and policy formulation in industrial regions.

 

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