REFUGE4 - A simplified climate model

REFUGE4 is an open-source tool to calculate climate impacts of emission scenarios, including global warming, changes in concentrations, and radiative forcing. The tool covers CO₂, CH₄, and N₂O and can calculate negative emissions. It follows the calculation methods of the IPCCs sixth assessment report reproducing the main results with a low error level, typically ±3%. The results are calculated annually up to 2500 and summarized in pre-made result figures. The tool can be used also to study how GWP and GTP factors are calculated.

REFUGE4 is a completely revised version of previous REFUGE versions. Detailed documentation and validation are presented in attached files.

License: The tool is shared under Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Citation: Lindroos, T. J. (2025). REFUGE4 - A simplified climate model (v4.5). Zenodo. https://zenodo.org/doi/10.5281/zenodo.8220334