Formulation and Physicochemical Evaluation of a Polyherbal Anti Dandruff Shampoo

Background: Dandruff is a prevalent scalp disorder affecting quality of life. While synthetic anti-dandruff shampoos show efficacy, they often cause adverse effects including hair loss, scaling, and scalp irritation. Herbal-based formulations offer a safer alternative by leveraging traditional anti-fungal, anti-bacterial, and conditioning properties of plant extracts. Aim: To formulate and evaluate a herbal-based anti-dandruff shampoo using a polyherbal combination of traditionally used plant extracts, and to assess its physicochemical and performance characteristics. Methodology: A polyherbal shampoo formulation was developed using eleven plant extracts (Amla, Shikakai, Hibiscus, Aloe vera, Rose oil, Lemon juice, Fenugreek, Neem oil, Reetha, Curry leaves, and Onion juice). The prepared formulation was evaluated using organoleptic assessment, physicochemical analysis (pH, viscosity, surface tension, wetting time, foam stability), cleaning action tests, solids content determination, and 4-week stability study at 25-30°C. Results: The formulated shampoo exhibited optimal physicochemical properties: pH 6.2 (safe for scalp), viscosity 950 cP (good consumer acceptability), surface tension 35 dyn/cm (effective cleansing), foam height ≥100 mm (satisfactory), wetting time ≤25 seconds, and cleaning action efficiency 78% (greasy soil removal). The formulation remained physically and chemically stable during 4-week storage with no phase separation or discoloration. Conclusion: The developed herbal-based shampoo demonstrates safe, stable, and effective anti-dandruff and cleansing properties, making it a promising alternative to synthetic formulations. The polyherbal combination provides complementary antifungal, antibacterial, and conditioning benefits without reported adverse effects.