Turkey–Iran Alignment & Greece's Absolute Decision of Sovereignty: Strategic Implications for the Eastern Mediterranean (2025)

This research publication examines the emerging defence and geopolitical alignment between Turkey and Iran in 2025 and contrasts it with Greece’s sovereignty-based deterrence doctrine in the Eastern Mediterranean. It evaluates political signalling, the industrial vulnerabilities of the Turkish KAAN fighter program, and the implications of Ankara’s potential access to EU defence funding (SAFE). The paper concludes that Greece maintains asymmetric strategic advantages through alliances, force modernisation, and adherence to international law. The Greece–Cyprus–Israel trilateral axis emerges as a stabilising pillar, while European security will depend on whether Brussels enforces strategic coherence or allows ambiguity to empower revisionist actors.