Published January 18, 2025 | Version v1
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Cancer and Non-Cancer Risks of Exposure to Some Potentially Toxic Metals (PTMs) In Indoor Settled Dust from Selected Offices

Authors/Creators

  • 1. Chemical Science Unit, Pure Sciences, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
  • 2. School of Life Sciences, University of Wolverhampton, Wulfruna Street, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom
  • 3. Central Research and Reference Laboratories, University of Lagos, Akoka, Nigeria
  • 4. Department of SLT (Biochemistry Technology), Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
  • 5. Department of Microbiology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
  • 6. Department of Human Physiology, University of Calabar, Cross River, Nigeria
  • 7. Department: Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria
  • 8. Department of Pharmacy, University of Benin, Benin, Nigeria

Description

Dust particulate has been reported to harbour a significant level of potentially toxic metals (PTMs), and the risk of human exposure to it has been a major concern. The study aimed to investigate the health risk assessment of exposure to PTMs in indoor dust from selected offices in Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria. Twenty-four (24) composite settled dust samples were strategically collected from offices into a sample bag, and then transported to the laboratory for analysis. A 20 mL Aqua regia was used to digest one gram of the prepared sample, then PTM analyzed was done using AOAC Standards. Pollution intensity was evaluated using contamination factors (CF) and enrichment factors (EF). The findings showed that Cu (0.01–5.36 mg/kg), Zn (0.16-48.3 mg/kg), Cd (0.03–0.73 mg/kg), Mn (0.67–50.9 mg/kg), and Pb (3.04–88.3 mg/kg) were present, although within the UK, Canada, and Dutch guidelines. Pollution indexing revealed that the settled dust is severely enriched with Zn (6.58) and Pb (7.79), and moderately contaminated with Cd (1.33). Furthermore, the average daily dose (ADD) revealed Zn as the most dosed PTM in the settled dust. Non-cancer and cancer risk assessments showed that the occupants are not at risk of a significant cancer and non-cancer effect. In conclusion, the study showed that the indoor settled dust poses no human health risk during the investigation.

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