İmam Birgivî'nin İzhâru'l-Esrâr Adlı Eseri Hakkında Genel Bir Değerlendirme

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Abstract (En)

Abstract: Birgiwī, one of the rare scholars who grew up during the Ottoman period, is a dignified, cautious and virtuous scientist who combined knowledge and piety in his person. Birgiwī, is a prolific scholar who wrote works in almost every branch of Islamic sciences such as Arabic language, tafsir, hadith, fiqh, belief, theology, mysticism and ethics. Izhār is one of the most important works he wrote in the field of Arabic language grammar. The book written by Birgiwī on the field of Arabic grammar (nahw) and titled as Izhār had been accepted as a basic textbook and taught in the madrasas for centuries during the Ottoman period. The book which preserves its importance even today concerning Arabic instruction has still been studied and read with various occasions and special efforts. In this article, this famous work of Birgiwī will be examined in terms of method and content, and other studies written about it will be mentioned. The primary objective of this study is to examine Birgivî’s Izhār from a comprehensive perspective in terms of its content and methodology. To this end, the study begins with a brief overview of the life of the author, Birgivî, addressing his personality and scholarly identity, along with his contributions to Arabic linguistics and grammar. Subsequently, attention is devoted to the field of Arabic grammar, particularly to concise works dealing with syntactic rules and the concept of iʿrāb. The content of Izhār, recognized as a concise treatise within the discipline of nahw (Arabic syntax), is analyzed in detail. The methodological framework employed in Izhār and previous scholarly works conducted on the treatise are also discussed. Izhār can, in a sense, be regarded as a commentary on Birgivî’s other grammatical work entitled Avāmil. In this regard, the author systematically addresses nahw topics under three main categories: ʿāmil (the governing element), maʿmūl (the governed element) and ʿamal (iʿrāb). In the first part, ʿāmils are discussed; in the second, maʿmūls and their classifications; and in the final part, iʿrāb and its various types are examined comprehensively. Throughout the work, Birgivî adopts a clear, structured, and systematic approach, deliberately avoiding unnecessary complexity and contentious issues.

Keywords: Birgiwī, Izhār, Arabic, Nahw, Language Instruction.