Cymbalcloeon (Sartorii) sartorii Suttinun et al. 2020

Materials

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: De-Wen Gong, Xu-Hong-Yi Zheng, Ning-Ning Wang, Yu-Xian Sun; individualCount: 2; lifeStage: nymph; occurrenceID: E6970792-99D4-5D80-9234-FAF9B25FC7CD; Taxon: scientificName: C. sartorii; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Yunnan; county: Mengla; locality: Man-Nan-Xing, Mengla County, Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China; verbatimElevation: 530 m; verbatimCoordinates: 21°53.00′N 101°17.00′E; decimalLatitude: 21.8921; decimalLongitude: 101.288; Event: eventDate: 2025-03-18 / 20

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: De-Wen Gong, Xu-Hong-Yi Zheng, Ning-Ning Wang, Yu-Xian Sun; individualCount: 15; sex: male; lifeStage: imago; occurrenceID: 86F631A9-6C54-5B4E-A9E5-416B5740C879; Taxon: scientificName: C. sartorii; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Yunnan; county: Mengla; locality: Man-Nan-Xing, Mengla County, Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China; verbatimElevation: 530 m; verbatimCoordinates: 21°53.00′N 101°17.00′E; decimalLatitude: 21.8921; decimalLongitude: 101.288; Event: eventDate: 2025-03-18 / 20

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: De-Wen Gong, Xu-Hong-Yi Zheng, Ning-Ning Wang, Yu-Xian Sun; individualCount: 2; sex: female; lifeStage: imago; occurrenceID: 0092A0E4-8941-5670-A3A5-453F160CED6B; Taxon: scientificName: C. sartorii; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Yunnan; county: Mengla; locality: Man-Nan-Xing, Mengla County, Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China; verbatimElevation: 530 m; verbatimCoordinates: 21°53.00′N 101°17.00′E; decimalLatitude: 21.8921; decimalLongitude: 101.288; Event: eventDate: 2025-03-18 / 20

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: De-Wen Gong, Xu-Hong-Yi Zheng, Ning-Ning Wang, Yu-Xian Sun; individualCount: 20; sex: male; lifeStage: subimago; occurrenceID: A60DB51B-8EE6-52E1-B8EA-48183513F517; Taxon: scientificName: C. sartorii; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Yunnan; county: Mengla; locality: Man-Nan-Xing, Mengla County, Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China; verbatimElevation: 530 m; verbatimCoordinates: 21°53.00′N 101°17.00′E; decimalLatitude: 21.8921; decimalLongitude: 101.288; Event: eventDate: 2025-03-18 / 20

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: De-Wen Gong, Xu-Hong-Yi Zheng, Ning-Ning Wang, Yu-Xian Sun; individualCount: 3; sex: female; lifeStage: subimago; occurrenceID: 12437BA3-835A-5BA1-AD82-486B5E8225B4; Taxon: scientificName: C. sartorii; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Yunnan; county: Mengla; locality: Man-Nan-Xing, Mengla County, Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China; verbatimElevation: 530 m; verbatimCoordinates: 21°53.00′N 101°17.00′E; decimalLatitude: 21.8921; decimalLongitude: 101.288; Event: eventDate: 2025-03-18 / 20

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: De-Wen Gong and Di Wang; individualCount: 10; lifeStage: nymph; occurrenceID: 18207030-8E64-52DD-806C-3C35976AA8B3; Taxon: scientificName: C. sartorii; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Yunnan; county: Mengla; locality: Man-Nan-Xing, Mengla County, Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China; verbatimElevation: 530 m; verbatimCoordinates: 21°53.00′N 101°17.00′E; decimalLatitude: 21.8921; decimalLongitude: 101.288; Event: eventDate: 5/10/2025

Description

Male imago (in alcohol). Body length 3.4 mm, forewing 3.0 mm, cerci 3.6 mm (Fig. 1 A, B, E).

Head. Light reddish brown (Fig. 1 A, B). Scape and pedicel cylindrical, light brown, flagella light brown to whitish, ca. 6.5 x pedicel in length, antennal length equivalent to head width (Fig. 1 A, B). Dorsal surface of upper portion of compound eyes orange, lateral surface pale grey (Fig. 1 E); upper portion of eyes cylindrical (Fig. 1 E); lower portion black, semi-spherical (Fig. 1 E); facets of compound eyes hexagonal (Fig. 2 D). Ocelli with brown base but pale apex (Fig. 1 A).

Thorax. Nota of thorax brown to deep brown but with pale sutures (Fig. 1 A) with distinct longitudinal median ridge on mesonotum (Fig. 1 E, Fig. 3 D). Scutella of meso- and metanota expanded into projections (Fig. 1 E).

Foreleg pale brown, length ratio of forefemur: tibia: tarsus = 1.0: 1.5: 1.7; length ratio of segments of foretarsus = 1.0: 7.5: 4.9: 3.0: 1.4; foreleg with two claws, one acute, one blunt (Fig. 2 G). Basal half of midfemur brown, other part light brown, tibia and tarsus light brown (Fig. 2 H). Length ratio of midfemur: tibia: tarsus = 2.5: 3.3: 1.0; length ratio of three free segments of midtarsus = 1.3: 1.0: 2.3; one claw acute, one claw blunt (Fig. 2 H). Basal half of hindfemur brown, other part light brown (Fig. 2 I). Length ratio of hindfemur: tibia: tarsus = 2.5: 3.2: 1.0; length ratio of three segments of hindtarsus = 1.1: 1.0: 2.0 (Fig. 2 I). Claws similar to fore- or midlegs (Fig. 2 J).

Costal and subcostal veins of forewings light brown, other longitudinal veins whitish to light brown (Fig. 2 A); crossvein greatly reduced, only 4-5 crossveins between C and Sc, 3-4 between Sc and R 1, two between other neighbored longitudinal veins (Fig. 2 A). MA 2 and MP 2 detached from MA 1 and MP 1 respectively (Fig. 2 A – C). Membrane of forewing transparent (Fig. 2 A). Sc, Rs 1 and Rs 5 with bullae; CuP with a back-curved base but most part of it and A 1 straight (Fig. 2 A).

Abdomen. Segment I, VI-X reddish brown, other segment pale with dark brown stripes on lateral margins of terga; terga I-VI with a pair of submedian reddish dots respectively, but in most cases, these dots indistinct to invisible; terga VII-X with a pair of additional submedian stripes respectively (Fig. 1 A, B, E). Cerci pale.

Genitalia: Pedestal of gonostylus distinctly wider than gonostylus (forceps) (Fig. 2 E, K, Fig. 3 B); gonostylus with two segments, basal half of segment I slightly widened; segment II with slightly broadened apex, its length subequal to half segment I (Fig. 2 E, K, Fig. 3 B). Subgenital plate with tiny hair-like setae on surface (Fig. 3 B, C). Penis cover distinct, nearly quadrate in shape (Fig. 2 K). Gonovectes or penial arms smoothly curved (Fig. 2 K).

Female imago (in alcohol). Body length 2.9 mm, forewing 3.0 mm, cerci broken (Fig. 1 C, D). Similar to male imago but with more reddish pigments, especially thorax and abdomen (Fig. 1 C, D). Length ratio of forefemur: tibia: tarsus = 1.2: 1.1: 1.0; length ratio of segments of foretarsus = 1.0: 2.8: 1.7: 1.7: 2.1 (Fig. 1 C, D). Midlegs broken. Hindlegs similar to forelegs in color (Fig. 1 C, D). Length ratio of hindfemur: tibia: tarsus = 2.0: 3.2: 1.0; length ratio of segments of hindtarsus = 1.1: 1.5: 1.0 (Fig. 1 C, D).

Male subimago: (in alcohol). Body length 3.1 mm, forewing 2.4 mm, cerci 4.4 mm (Fig. 1 G). Length ratio of forefemur: tibia: tarsus = 1.5: 1.0: 1.7; length ratio of midfemur: tibia: tarsus = 1.8: 1.6: 1.0; length ratio of segments of hindtarsus = 3.4: 4.1: 1.0 (Fig. 1 G). Veins of forewing slightly clearer than male, MA 2 and MP 2 connected to MA 1 and MP 1 with a crossvein respectively (Fig. 2 B). Genitalia distinct, gonostyliger and segment II of styliger oriented inwards but segment I of styliger oriented outwards; length of them: segment I> segment II> gonostyliger (Fig. 3 A).

Female subimago: (in alcohol). Body length 2.7 mm, forewing 2.9 mm, cerci 4.0 mm (Fig. 1 F). Length ratio of forefemur: tibia: tarsus = 1.5: 1.4: 1.0; Length ratio of midfemur: tibia: tarsus = 2.0: 2.0: 1.0; Length ratio of hindfemur: tibia: tarsus = 3.5: 3.9: 1.0 (Fig. 1 F).

Nymph (in alcohol) (see Suttinun et al. 2020 and Figs 4, 5, 6).

The main characteristics including: Body length 2.5 mm, cerci 1.3 mm (Fig. 4 A – D). Body color pattern similar to adults, pale body with reddish dots and streaks; thorax distinctly broader and more robust than abdomen (Fig. 4 A – D). Mouthparts shown in figure 5, labrum with a very shallowly concave anterior margin (Fig. 5 A); mandibles without any setae between mola and incisor, outer margin without setae, prostheca with spiny apex (Fig. 5 B, C); maxillae with spines on apex of galealacinia, maxillary palpi two segmented, apical segments with hair-like setae (Fig. 5 D); labium with long crescent glossae and paraglossae (Fig. 5 E); labial palpi two-segmented, apex of segment II expanded into a small knob-like structure (Fig. 5 E). Hypopharynx with very short hair-like setae on dorsal surfaces (Fig. 5 F). Tibiae and tarsi of all legs subequal in length, each of them ca. 0.8 x femora (Fig. 6 A – C); outer margin of femora and inner margins of tibiae and tarsi with spine-like setae (Fig. 3 E). Gills on abdominal segment V-VII, gills I nearly oval, with deeply pigmented margins; gills II and III with concaved posterior margin (Fig. 6 D – F). Caudal filaments with a distinct dark band (Fig. 4).

Egg: length 126.4-131.6 µm, width 54.4-58.3 µm, long oval, whole chorion decorated with irregularly-shaped ridges (from quadrate to oval) (Fig. 3 F). The area surrounded by ridges concave, forming tiny pits (Fig. 3 F).

Nymph and adult association

Nymphs and adults in the present study were associated by two methods. Morphologically, we use color pattern and body size, particularly those reddish patches on abdomen (both terga and sterna of segment VI-X are pigmented), to identify and pair them. Molecularly, we sequenced COI gene of one nymph and two male subimagos. The data shows the K 2 P genetic distance is lower than 0.3 %. Sequence comparison did not identify any close relatives in public genetic repositories. The closest one is a baetid sequence in GenBank, the genetic distance between them is 15.1 %.