THE COMPARATIVE STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH AND KARAKALPAK LEGAL TERMINOLOGY KARAKALPAK STATE UNIVERSITY, PATULLAYEVA GULMIRA

This article presents a comparative structural analysis of legal terminology in English and Karakalpak, with particular emphasis on the linguistic mechanisms through which legal concepts are formed, organized, and standardized in both languages. The study argues that legal terms should be examined not only from a semantic perspective but also in terms of their internal structural composition, as structural stability is essential for terminological precision and normative consistency in legal discourse. Drawing on typological differences between English as an analytic language and Karakalpak as an agglutinative language, the article analyzes dominant structural models of legal term formation, including syntactic constructions, morphological derivation, multi-component terminological units, and determiner–determined structures. Special attention is given to the role of calquing and structural adaptation in the transfer of legal terminology from English into Karakalpak, illustrating how international legal concepts are integrated into the Karakalpak linguistic system. The findings demonstrate that while English legal terminology primarily relies on syntactic expansion and multi-word constructions, Karakalpak legal terminology achieves semantic precision through morphological compactness and derivational processes. The study contributes to the fields of legal linguistics, comparative terminology, and legal translation by providing a systematic account of structural similarities and differences between English and Karakalpak legal terminological systems.