Published December 12, 2025
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TABLE 1 in Economic significance of Cervus elaphus Linnaeus, 1758 in the Gumelnița culture (5 th mill. BC): from food to technical resources
Authors/Creators
- 1. Doctoral School of Economics and Humanities, Valahia University of TârgoviȘte 13 Aleea Sinaia Street, 130004 Targoviste, Dambovita (Romania) monica. margarit @ valahia. ro
- 2. " Vasile Pârvan " Institute of Archaeology, Romanian Academy, Strada Henri Coandă 11, 010667 BucureȘti (Romania) abalasescu 2005 @ yahoo. fr
Description
TABLE 1. — Faunal spectrum of some Gumelnița tell-settlements. Abbreviation: NR, number.
| Bordușani GA2 | Carcaliu GA2 | Hârșova GA2 | Luncavița GA2 | Căscioarele GB1 | Vitănești GA2 | Vitănești GB1 | Măriuța GB1 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Species | NR | % | NR | % | NR | % | NR | % | NR | % | NR | % | NR | % | NR | % |
| Bos taurus Linnaeus, 1758 | 1996 | 21.42 | 118 | 24.53 | 618 | 11.64 | 218 | 23.59 | 201 | 7.10 | 1055 | 11.6 | 843 | 23.02 | 226 | 42.97 |
| Ovis aries Linnaeus, 1758 | 219 | 2.35 | 4 | 0.83 | 255 | 4.80 | 8 | 0.87 | 17 | 0.60 | 83 | 0.9 | 57 | 1.56 | 28 | 5.32 |
| Capra hircus Linnaeus, 1758 | 73 | 0.78 | 2 | 0.42 | 77 | 1.45 | 9 | 0.97 | 3 | 0.11 | 30 | 0.3 | 27 | 0.74 | 14 | 2.66 |
| Ovis / Capra | 1312 | 14.08 | 8 | 1.66 | 1182 | 22.26 | 58 | 6.28 | 7 | 0.25 | 268 | 2.9 | 77 | 2.10 | 96 | 18.25 |
| Sus domesticus Erxleben, 1777 | 2320 | 24.90 | 61 | 12.68 | 1009 | 19.00 | 122 | 13.20 | 57 | 2.01 | 1190 | 13.1 | 809 | 22.09 | 78 | 14.83 |
| Canis familiaris Linnaeus, 1758 | 1343 | 14.41 | 13 | 2.70 | 896 | 16.87 | 21 | 2.27 | 166 | 5.87 | 252 | 2.8 | 90 | 2.46 | 13 | 2.47 |
| Total domestic | 7263 | 77.95 | 206 | 42.83 | 4037 | 76.03 | 436 | 47.19 | 451 | 15.94 | 2878 | 31.7 | 1903 | 51.97 | 455 | 86.50 |
| Canis lupus Linnaeus, 1758 | 64 | 0.69 | – | – | 26 | 0.49 | 6 | 0.65 | 3 | 0.11 | 72 | 0.79 | 18 | 0.49 | – | – |
| Vulpes vulpes (Linnaeus, 1758) | 143 | 1.53 | – | – | 14 | 0.26 | 4 | 0.43 | 1 | 0.04 | 61 | 0.67 | 19 | 0.52 | 3 | 0.57 |
| Lynx lynx (Linnaeus, 1758) | 8 | 0.09 | – | – | 6 | 0.11 | 1 | 0.11 | – | – | 5 | 0.06 | – | – | – | – |
| Felis silvestris Schreber, 1777 | 49 | 0.53 | – | – | 20 | 0.38 | 3 | 0.32 | 1 | 0.04 | 25 | 0.28 | 2 | 0.05 | – | – |
| Panthera leo (Linnaeus, 1758) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 3 | 0.03 | – | – | – | – |
| Meles meles (Linnaeus, 1758) | 16 | 0.17 | – | – | 15 | 0.28 | 6 | 0.65 | 4 | 0.14 | 208 | 2.29 | 33 | 0.90 | – | – |
| Martes martes (Linnaeus, 1758) | 3 | 0.03 | – | – | 8 | 0.15 | 1 | 0.11 | 1 | 0.04 | 1 | 0.01 | 2 | 0.05 | – | – |
| Mustela putorius Linnaeus, 1758 | 2 | 0.02 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1 | 0.01 | – | – | – | – |
| Mustela nivalis Linnaeus, 1766 | – | – | – | – | 1 | 0.02 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Lutra lutra (Linnaeus, 1758) | 38 | 0.41 | – | – | 2 | 0.04 | 1 | 0.11 | – | – | 11 | 0.12 | – | – | – | – |
| Ursus arctos Linnaeus, 1758 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1 | 0.04 | 21 | 0.2 | 1 | 0.03 | – | – |
| Equus ferus Linnaeus, 1758 | 35 | 0.38 | 2 | 0.42 | 20 | 0.38 | 4 | 0.43 | 245 | 8.66 | 773 | 8.5 | 220 | 6.01 | 10 | 1.90 |
| Equus sp. (little size) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 2 | 0.05 | – | – |
| Sus scrofa Linnaeus, 1758 | 757 | 8.12 | 72 | 14.97 | 890 | 16.76 | 131 | 14.18 | 550 | 19.44 | 1326 | 14.6 | 209 | 5.71 | 17 | 3.23 |
| Cervus elaphus Linnaeus, 1758 | 540 | 5.80 | 174 | 36.17 | 78 | 1.47 | 291 | 31.49 | 1193 | 42.17 | 1732 | 19.1 | 595 | 16.25 | 30 | 5.70 |
| Capreolus capreolus (Linnaeus, 1758) | 160 | 1.72 | 5 | 1.04 | 66 | 1.24 | 23 | 2.49 | 121 | 4.28 | 148 | 1.6 | 18 | 0.49 | 5 | 0.95 |
| Alces alces (Linnaeus, 1758) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 4 | 0.04 | – | – | – | – |
| Dama dama (Linnaeus, 1758) | 1 | 0.01 | 1 | 0.21 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Bos primigenius Bojanus, 1827 | 75 | 0.80 | 17 | 3.53 | 55 | 1.04 | 12 | 1.30 | 239 | 8.45 | 1368 | 15.1 | 515 | 14.06 | 6 | 1.14 |
| Castor fiber Linnaeus, 1758 | 97 | 1.04 | 4 | 0.83 | 32 | 0.60 | 2 | 0.22 | 16 | 0.57 | 363 | 4.0 | 115 | 3.14 | – | – |
| Lepus europaeus Pallas, 1778 | 66 | 0.71 | – | – | 40 | 0.75 | 3 | 0.32 | 3 | 0.11 | 89 | 1.0 | 10 | 0.27 | – | – |
| Total wild | 2054 | 22.05 | 275 | 57.17 | 1273 | 23.97 | 488 | 52.81 | 2378 | 84.06 | 6211 | 68.3 | 1759 | 48.03 | 71 | 13.50 |
| Total determinated | 9317 | 100.00 | 481 | 100.00 | 5310 | 100.00 | 924 100.00 | 2829 | 100 | 9089 | 100.0 | 3662 | 100.00 | 526 | 100.00 | |
Notes
Published as part of Mărgărit, Monica & Bălășescu, Adrian, 2025, Economic significance of Cervus elaphus Linnaeus, 1758 in the Gumelnița culture (5 th mill. BC): from food to technical resources, pp. 178 in Anthropozoologica 60 (13) on page 178, DOI: 60/13, http://zenodo.org/record/17936228
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