Trends and projections in the EU-ETS in 2025, the EU Emissions Trading System in numbers

This report analyses historical, recent and projected developments under the European Union Emissions Trading System for stationary installations, aviation and maritime transport (EU ETS1). It provides a comprehensive overview of emissions trends, allowance supply and demand, price developments and sectoral dynamics. In addition, the report presents projections of EU ETS1 emissions up to 2030 and 2050 based on Member States’ submissions, and includes a dedicated focus chapter on the newly established EU ETS2 for buildings, road transport and additional sectors.

The analysis is based on data and information provided by the European Commission and EU Member States. Data on verified emissions, allocation and compliance under the EU ETS1 for the years up to 2024 are based on a snapshot of the Union Registry dated 4 November 2025, reflecting the state of the registry after completion of the annual compliance cycle.