Analiza jakości planowanego zagospodarowania przestrzennego wokół Ojcowskiego Parku Narodowego w kontekście presji urbanizacyjnej i funkcjonalności otuliny

This study assesses planned spatial development around Ojców National Park (ONP) under growing urbanization pressure and evaluates the effectiveness of its buffer zone in limiting built-up expansion. Using historical maps, aerial imagery, and local planning documents Studies of Conditions and Directions of Spatial Development (SCDSD), local spatial development plans (LSDP), from five surrounding municipalities, land-use changes (1928–2022), development dynamics within concentric buffer zones, and future allocations in plans. Built-up areas increased more than threefold, with the fastest growth since the 1980s; pressure inside the buffer zone is only slightly lower than outside, was analyzed. Planning documents reveal an oversupply of land for development and a potential two- to threefold rise in building numbers. These findings indicate the buffer zone’s limited preventing role, excessive land allocation, and structural weaknesses of the planning system, which are particularly relevant in light of the ongoing spatial planning reform in Poland.