Formulation and Evaluation of an Antihypertensive Oral Solution Based on Sarongazany'Roots (CAESALPINIACEAE) from Madagascar

Cassia occidentalis Linn (CAESALPINIACEAE) is a plant commonly used in traditional medicine to treat various illnesses, especially hypertension, in the Salobe, Betioky-Sud, District of Toliara in southwest of Madagascar. High blood pressure is actully a major public health problem, affecting both adults and children. It is one of the leading causes of death, resulting in nearly 8 million deaths per year. This study aimed to scientifically validate the traditional use of this plant to treat hypertension. Then, formulate an antihypertensive oral solution with the aqueous root extract as the active ingredient. In vivo tests showed that the root extract (EBACO) had dose-dependant hypotensive potential in normotensive rabbits. Under the experimental conditions, 500 mg/kg of EBACO induced a greater drop in blood pressure than 1-20 μg of acetylcholine. According to OECD guidelines, EBACO is in the lowest toxicity (class 5). A prototype of an oral, multidose antihypertensive solution was formulated. This traditional remedy is safe, non- toxic, sterile, free of sugar and other endocrine-disrupting preservatives. All control parameters comply with Good Manufacturing Practices. This new herbal formulation offers several advantages in the treatment of hypertension in both adult and pediatric patients. However, further preclinical testing is needed to fully assess the plant’s activity.