Management of Scalp Injuries in the Geriatric Population: A Case Report and Literature Review
- 1. International Journal of Dental Science and Innovative Research (IJDSIR)
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Abstract
Falls in elderly populations are a major public health concern, representing the leading cause of injury-related morbidity and mortality in individuals aged 65 years and older. Head trauma, particularly involving the scalp, is frequently encountered in these incidents and may range from minor abrasions to deep lacerations and potentially life-threatening intracranial injuries. Scalp injuries such as contused lacerated wounds (CLWs), abrasions, and hematomas not only pose diagnostic and management challenges due to the anatomical and physiological changes of aging skin but also serve as potential indicators of more serious underlying pathology. Geriatric patients are uniquely susceptible to both external and intracranial injuries due to a combination of factors including cerebral atrophy, vascular fragility, polypharmacy (especially antithrombotic use), and impaired physiological reserve.
This paper presents and contrasts two clinical cases to underscore these differences: a 65-year-old male who sustained a 5 cm × 3 cm CLW from a workplace fall, and an 80-year-old female with a 4 cm × 3 cm abrasion and 2 cm × 2 cm CLW following a ground-level fall at home. The elderly case explores the broader implications of age-related anatomical, pharmacological, and social determinants that influence injury pattern, diagnosis, and healing. This article synthesizes current understanding of the epidemiology, anatomical considerations, risk factors, diagnostic workup, imaging thresholds, and treatment strategies for scalp injuries in elderly fall patients.
Ultimately, this article aims to equip frontline healthcare providers with a practical, age-sensitive framework for evaluating and managing scalp injuries in elderly fall victims, with an emphasis on early detection of serious injury, optimal wound care, and preventive interventions that span the healthcare continuum.
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References
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