EXPLORING GENE EXPRESSION PATTERNS DURING SEED DEVELOPMENT AND MATURATION
Authors/Creators
- 1. Dept. of Agriculture, JBIT College of Applied Sciences, Dehradun
- 2. Dept. of Seed Science and Technology, HNB Garhwal University, Srinagar Garhwal, Uttarakhand
- 3. College of Forestry, V.C. S.G. UUHF Bharsar
- 4. ept. of Seed Science and Technology, HNB Garhwal University, Srinagar Garhwal, Uttarakhand
Description
Seed development and maturation are tightly regulated processes governed by
complex gene expression networks controlling cellular differentiation, nutrient deposition,
desiccation tolerance, and dormancy. This chapter synthesizes current knowledge on
transcriptional dynamics from embryogenesis to the fully matured seed, highlighting the
roles of key transcription factors such as Leafy Cotyledon (LEC), Abscisic Acid
Insensitive (ABI), and Fusca (FUS). The modulatory effects of plant hormones—
including abscisic acid, gibberellins, and auxins—are discussed in the context of seed
filling and maturation. Advances in transcriptomic tools, particularly RNA sequencing
(RNA-seq), have facilitated high-resolution, stage- and tissue-specific profiling, revealing
novel genes and networks involved in storage protein synthesis, lipid biosynthesis, and
protective mechanisms. Epigenetic regulation, through DNA methylation and histone
modifications, adds further refinement to developmental control. Environmental factors
and maternal influences are examined for their impact on gene activity and seed
phenotype. Understanding these regulatory frameworks offers practical avenues for crop
improvement, targeting enhanced nutritional quality, stress resilience, and storage
longevity. Future integration of genomics with proteomics and metabolomics holds
promise for unraveling the molecular complexities of seed biology and advancing
sustainable agriculture.
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