THE NEW ENVIRONMENTAL LICENSING IN BRASIL

Federal Law No. 6,938/198, the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), and the 
Environmental Impact Report (RIMA) are fundamental Brazilian landmarks that provide for 
environmental licensing as a strategy to ensure prevention through precaution, social 
participation, and ecological balance. The processing of a Bill (PL 2,159/2021) in the National 
Congress, the sanction with vetoes by the President of the Republic (Law No. 15,190/2025), and 
the enactment of a Provisional Measure (No. 1,308/2025) introduced new types of environmental 
licensing, measures criticized by environmentalists for highlighting the risk of environmental 
setbacks and applauded by developmentalists due to the alleged bureaucratization of previous 
procedures. The research was dedicated to carrying out the analysis of the aforementioned types 
of laws and to projecting possible scenarios of collision of legal norms, the resolution criteria 
provided for in the Law of Introduction to the Norms of Brazilian Law (LINDB) and future 
perspectives.